Farmers are sometimes “land wealthy, money poor.” Those that want nursing residence care might need to promote or break up their farm to pay for it.
SCOTT DETROW, HOST:
This week on NPR, we’re bringing you tales about rural well being look after senior residents. And right now, we’re speaking about farmers in North Dakota. Now, most individuals will want long-term care sooner or later of their life. Meaning assist with bathing, dressing or utilizing the lavatory. And that kind of assist is pricey. It’s particularly robust for getting old farmers who need to afford well being care with out it costing their farm. And that’s the reason some specialists say long-term care prices are a giant risk to small household farms. Becoming a member of us now could be NPR’s Juliana Kim, who met with farmers in North Dakota. Hey there.
JULIANA KIM, BYLINE: Hello there.
DETROW: So why is the price of long-term care such a risk to farmers particularly?
KIM: Lengthy-term care may be actually costly, and it is typically not coated by Medicare. And that places farmers who want nursing residence care in a bind, the place they could need to promote or break up their farm to pay for it. And that is not simple, particularly for these whose farms have been of their household for generations.
SHERWOOD HAAKENSON: I farmed with my dad till he retired, after which I took it over.
KIM: That is Sherwood Haakenson from Willow Metropolis, N.D. He farmed all his life on the land that his great-great-grandfather homesteaded in 1890. I met him at a care middle in a neighboring metropolis.
DETROW: Why was he there?
KIM: Sherwood wanted 24-hour supervision for his coronary heart and kidney points. The workers took excellent care of him and gave him firm, being away from his spouse and cat. However again at residence, his spouse, Cindie, was actually burdened about how they might hold affording his care.
CINDIE: We bought farm land that we personal. We might promote, however, , it is like gifting away a part of your legacy.
KIM: The issue for many small household farmers is that they are land-rich, cash-poor, which means they do not have tens of hundreds of {dollars} mendacity round.
DETROW: Proper. So how did the folks that you simply talked to give you the money they wanted, then?
KIM: They could promote their livestock or equipment, however that solely will get them up to now. So some farmers apply for Medicaid, the federal insurance coverage program for the poor and aged. And now it is a little bit completely different in every state, however typically, to be eligible, seniors have to empty their belongings. And for farmers, which means their land.
DETROW: I imply, this can be a dynamic that is actually robust for lots of people in plenty of walks of life, however let’s simply underscore this. For those who’re a farmer, you possibly can’t personal land anymore with a purpose to apply for Medicaid?
KIM: Proper. Now, some farmers work round that by transferring their land into an irrevocable belief and naming their kids as beneficiaries. However in North Dakota and in most states, it nonetheless takes 5 years from the appliance date earlier than Medicaid can pay for long-term care. Once I met Sherwood and Cindie, they’d already organized to switch their farm land to their kids, however they had been nonetheless inside that five-year lookback interval, in order that they did not get any help.
DETROW: I imply, that may be a actually very long time. Farmers need to plan that far prematurely?
KIM: Yeah. I imply, if they do not plan forward and find yourself at a nursing residence, they could have to unload their land. I’ll say most farmers can afford three years or so of care earlier than it will get to that, however it’s nonetheless a giant concern nearly each small farmer has.
DETROW: Let’s return to the particular person we heard from the highest, Sherwood. What did he and his spouse, Cindie, find yourself doing?
KIM: Cindie was going to promote their pickup truck, however then two months after I visited, Sherwood died. And so now at the same time as she mourns her husband’s dying, Cindie continues to be working to guard their farm. She says so long as she stays wholesome for the following two years till Medicaid kicks in, the land can keep of their household.
DETROW: That’s NPR’s Juliana Kim. Thanks a lot.
KIM: Thanks.
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